White grape
Pruéras
How to read this
Capitals mark the stressed syllable. “ew” is “ee” said with rounded lips. The French r comes from the back of the throat. The recording is the reference.
Pruéras is a white grape that Wine Grapes places in the Gironde; DNA markers give Savagnin as one parent, and the old books describe a “Prueras” whose identity is still open.
Pruéras is a white grape that the Cabernet Sauvignon pedigree in Wine Grapes (2012) colors as a native of the Gironde. VIVC records one parent, Savagnin, confirmed by DNA markers (Laucou and colleagues, 2018; D’Onofrio and colleagues, 2021), with a remark that more markers are needed; the other parent is unknown. It shares one known parent, Savagnin, with Sauvignon Blanc. Wine Grapes also draws Pruéras, with Folle Blanche, as a parent of Jurançon Blanc. Among its VIVC synonyms are Prunelat, Chalosse Blanche, Oeil de Tour, Blanc Pic, and Annereau, names the old Gironde books also use.
Those books describe a big-berried, generous white. William Franck, the Bordeaux wine merchant whose Traité sur les vins du Médoc first appeared in 1824, wrote in his 1845 edition: “The berries are large, tasty, and ripen well; this grape gives a great deal of wine” (« Les grains sont gros , savoureux et mûrissant bien ; ce raisin donne beaucoup de vin »). Auguste Petit-Lafitte found it in 1868 as “Prunelat” in a list by M. de Secondat printed in 1785. Whether the books’ “Prueras” is the Pruéras of VIVC is open: Cocks and Féret also gave “Prueras” as a local name of the black Mancin in 1874, and in 1893 listed “Annereau or Blanc-Ramet” among its names.
Oldest record in my library: M. de Secondat’s list, printed 1785, as Auguste Petit-Lafitte reported in 1868 (as “Prunelat”); first direct record: William Franck, Traité sur les vins du Médoc, 2nd ed., 1845
The family
Savagnin shown by DNA markers
Pruéras
- D'Onofrio et al. 2021; Laucou et al. 2018; VIVC 9785
The discovery: In 2018, Laucou and colleagues’ 10K SNP study (PLoS ONE), the earliest published study VIVC cites, placed Pruéras among the offspring of Savagnin.
The names
As the Gironde books wrote it: Prueras, Prunelat, Chalosse, OEuil de tour, Oil-de-tourd, Blanc-Pic, Annereau, Blanc-Ramet, Jacquet, Jacquot.
Other names in VIVC: Annereau, Blanc Pic, Canut, Chalosse Blanche, Jacquet, Menu Blanc, Millenc, Oeil De Tour, Petouche, Pruera, Prunalay, Prunelat.
Old names: Chalosse blanche (open), Prunelat (likely)
In today’s rules
Not named in the rules of any Bordeaux appellation today.
In the books
“The Prueras. The berries are large, tasty, and ripen well; this grape gives a great deal of wine.”
LePrueras. Les grains sont gros , savoureux et mûrissant bien ; ce raisin donne beaucoup de vin.
“Seventh: the Prueras or Prunelat is a very productive vine; its leaf is thick and a matte green, its wood is gray, and its fruit, ripening quickly, has large, tasty berries.”
7º Le Prueras ou Prunelat est un cépage très productif ; sa feuille est épaisse et d'un vert mat , son bois est gris , son raisin mûrissant vite offre des grains gros et savoureux .
“Chalosse (in some parts of the Gironde). Oeil de tour (at Glairac, as printed). Blanc-Pic (at Sainte-Bazeille).”
Chalosse (dans quelques parties de la Gironde). OEuil de tour (à Glairac). Blanc-Pic (à Sainte-Bazeille).
“It is found scattered in the Gironde, where it is generally of no importance.”
On le trouve disséminé dans la Gironde où il est généralement sans importance.
Sources
- Röckel et al. (2026): Vitis International Variety Catalogue, www.vivc.de, passport id 9785 and its 'Bibliography to pedigree confirmed by markers', accessed October 2026
- Laucou, V. et al. (2018), 'Extended diversity analysis of cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera with 10K genome-wide SNPs', PLoS ONE 13 (2):e0192540
- D'Onofrio, C. et al. (2021), 'Parentage Atlas of Italian Grapevine Varieties as Inferred From SNP Genotyping', Frontiers in Plant Science 12:605934
- Robinson, Harding & Vouillamoz, Wine Grapes (2012), pedigree diagram
- William Franck, Traité sur les vins du Médoc, 2nd ed., 1845, ch. 3, vignes blanches
- Charles Cocks & Édouard Féret, Bordeaux et ses vins classés par ordre de mérite, 2nd ed., 1868, 'Cépages de vignes blanches', p. 27
- Auguste Petit-Lafitte, La vigne dans le Bordelais, 1868, Deuxième division, J. Le Pruéras
- Charles Cocks (rev. Édouard Féret), Bordeaux et ses vins classés par ordre de mérite, 3rd ed., 1874, 'Cépages de vignes blanches', p. 26
- Charles Cocks & Édouard Féret, Bordeaux et ses vins classés par ordre de mérite, 6th ed., 1893, 'Cépages de vignes blanches', p. 27
- Pierre Viala & Victor Vermorel (eds.), Traité général de viticulture: Ampélographie, Vol. 3, 1902, 'Blanc Ramé' (A. Verneuil et J.-M. Guillon)
- Röckel et al. (2026): Vitis International Variety Catalogue, www.vivc.de, accessed October 2026
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